How To Plant Tomatoes in Dry Season in Zimbabwe

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If you live in Zimbabwe, you know how challenging it can be to plant tomatoes in the dry season. The hot weather and lack of rainfall can make it difficult to grow a healthy crop. However, with the right approach, it is possible to plant tomatoes successfully in the dry season.

In this article, we will guide you through the steps to follow when planting tomatoes in the dry season in Zimbabwe.

From choosing the right variety to preparing the soil, planting the seeds, providing support and cover, to harvesting, we will cover all the essential steps to help you grow a healthy and productive crop of tomatoes.

How to Plant Tomatoes in Dry Season in Zimbabwe

Table of Contents

Planting tomatoes in the dry season in Zimbabwe can be a bit challenging, but with proper preparation and care, it is possible to have a successful crop.

Here are some steps you can follow to plant tomatoes in the dry season in Zimbabwe:

Step 1: Choose the right variety

Select a tomato variety that is suited for hot and dry conditions. Some varieties that are recommended for Zimbabwe include Star 9001, Rio Grande, Roma VF, and Marglobe.

Importantly, buy your seedlings from a local nursery or any other reputable source. Ensure that you inspect the seedlings for quality.

Step 2: Prepare the soil

After selecting the appropriate tomato variety, the next step is to prepare the soil. It is essential to ensure that the soil is well-draining and has good water retention capacity.

To achieve this, you should amend the soil with organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure.

This will improve soil fertility and help retain moisture in the soil, which is crucial during the dry season.

To prepare the soil, you need to remove any weeds, rocks, and debris that may hinder plant growth. You can also loosen the soil by tilling it to a depth of 6-8 inches. This will aid in soil aeration and drainage.

Once the soil is prepared, you can add organic matter such as compost or well-rotted manure to the soil.

This will help to improve soil structure and nutrient content, which are essential for healthy plant growth. You can spread the organic matter evenly over the soil and mix it well using a garden fork or hoe.

Step 3: Seed Planting

Start by planting tomato seeds in trays or pots. You can use a seed starting mix, which is a light and fluffy soil that provides good drainage and air circulation.

Plant the seeds at a depth of 1/4 to 1/2 inch, and keep the soil moist but not waterlogged.

Once the seeds have germinated and developed their first true leaves, you can transplant them to the garden bed.

Plant the seedlings at a depth of about 2 inches, leaving a spacing of 18 to 24 inches between each plant. This will allow enough room for the plants to grow and spread out.

Step 4: Provide Support and Cover

Tomato plants require support to keep them upright and prevent them from falling over as they grow.

You can use stakes or cages to support the plants, depending on the variety and your preference.

It is also essential to cover the plants to protect them from extreme heat and direct sunlight during the hottest part of the day.

You can use shade cloth, which is a lightweight fabric that provides some shade and allows air circulation.

Cover the plants during the hottest part of the day and remove the cover in the evening when the temperature cools down.

Step 5: Water management

During the dry season, water management is critical. Use drip irrigation to conserve water and ensure that the plants receive a consistent supply of moisture. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to fungal diseases.

If you can’t afford drip irrigation, then you can make use of watering can, hose, etc. to water your plants frequently.

Step 6: Mulching

Mulch around the base of the plants with organic matter such as straw, grass clippings, or shredded leaves. This will help to conserve soil moisture and regulate soil temperature.

Step 7: Fertilizer Application

Apply a balanced fertilizer such as 10-10-10 or 12-12-17, following the recommended rates. A foliar spray of seaweed extract or fish emulsion can also help to improve plant growth and tolerance to heat stress.

Step 8: Pest and disease management

Keep a close eye on the plants for signs of pests and diseases, which can be more prevalent in hot and dry conditions. Practice good hygiene, and remove any infected or damaged plants promptly.

Step 9: Harvesting

Harvesting tomatoes at the right time is essential to ensure that they are flavorful and nutritious. You can start harvesting when the fruits are firm and fully colored.

Simply twist the tomato off the vine or use a pair of pruning shears to cut it off the stem.

It is important to avoid overripe tomatoes as they are more susceptible to pests and diseases.

Harvesting regularly also encourages new fruit growth and ensures that the plant continues to produce throughout the season.

Varieties Of Tomatoes Planted In Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe is a country that offers a wide range of tomato varieties that are suitable for different seasons.

Some of the popular varieties that are commonly planted during the dry season include Star 9001, Rio Grande, Roma VF, and Marglobe.

These varieties are known for their resistance to pests and diseases and their ability to withstand heat and drought.

Benefits Of Planting Tomatoes In Dry Season In Zimbabwe

High demand: Tomatoes are a staple food in Zimbabwe, and there is a high demand for them throughout the year, making it a profitable venture.
Reduced competition: Fewer farmers plant tomatoes during the dry season, which means less competition in the market.

Increased prices: Due to reduced supply, the price of tomatoes tends to be higher during the dry season, providing an opportunity for higher profits.
Water conservation: Planting tomatoes in the dry season allows for more efficient use of water as there is less rainfall and evaporation.
Better quality: Tomatoes grown in the dry season tend to have better flavor and quality due to the reduced disease pressure and better ripening conditions.

Challenges Of Planting Tomatoes In Dry Season In Zimbabwe

Water scarcity: The biggest challenge of planting tomatoes in the dry season is the limited availability of water, which is essential for plant growth.
Heat stress: High temperatures during the day can stress the plants and reduce yield and quality.

Pests and diseases: Tomatoes are susceptible to pests and diseases, and the dry season can exacerbate these problems.
High input costs: The cost of inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides can be higher during the dry season.
Market uncertainty: Prices of tomatoes can fluctuate during the dry season, and there may not be a guaranteed market for the produce.

Best Practices Of Planting Tomatoes In Dry Season In Zimbabwe:

Drip irrigation: Drip irrigation is an efficient way to conserve water and deliver it directly to the roots of the plants.
Shade cloth: Providing shade using a shade cloth or other materials can reduce heat stress on the plants.

Crop rotation: Crop rotation can help reduce disease pressure and improve soil fertility.
Mulching: Mulching can help retain moisture in the soil and reduce weed growth.
Pest and disease management: Regular monitoring and management of pests and diseases are essential to maintain healthy plants and reduce losses.

Where To Sell Tomatoes In Zimbabwe:

Farmers markets: Farmers markets are a popular place for farmers to sell their produce directly to consumers.
Supermarkets: Supermarkets are another option for selling tomatoes, but they may have stricter quality requirements.

Wholesale markets: Wholesale markets are suitable for selling large quantities of tomatoes to middlemen or retailers.
Food processing companies: Food processing companies may purchase tomatoes for processing into tomato products.
Export markets: Zimbabwe exports tomatoes to neighboring countries, and there may be opportunities to sell to international markets.

How Much Is Tomatoes Sold In Zimbabwe

The price of tomatoes in Zimbabwe varies depending on the season, supply, and demand.

During the dry season, when tomato supply is low, prices tend to be higher than during the rainy season. On average, a kilogram of tomatoes can cost between ZWL$200 and ZWL$300 in Zimbabwe. However, prices can vary from one market to another.

Tomato Farming in Zimbabwe PDF

There are many resources available online for tomato farming in Zimbabwe. One such resource is the “Tomato Production Guide for Zimbabwe” published by the Ministry of Agriculture, Mechanization and Irrigation Development.

This guide covers everything from site selection to pest management, and provides detailed information on tomato cultivation in Zimbabwe.

The Complete Guide to Growing Tomatoes PDF

For those looking for a comprehensive guide to tomato cultivation, “The Complete Guide to Growing Tomatoes” by Ann Ralph is a great resource.

This guide covers all aspects of growing tomatoes, from choosing the right variety to pruning and harvesting, and is suitable for beginners and experienced gardeners alike.

How to Grow Tengeru Tomatoes PDF

Tengeru tomatoes are a popular variety in Zimbabwe, and there are many resources available online for those looking to grow them. One such resource is the “Tengeru Tomato Production Guide” published by the Horticulture Research Institute of Zimbabwe.

This guide covers all aspects of growing Tengeru tomatoes, including seed selection, planting, fertilization, and pest management.

Best Tomato Varieties in Zimbabwe PDF

There are many tomato varieties that are suitable for cultivation in Zimbabwe. The best tomato varieties in Zimbabwe are those that are adapted to the local climate and soil conditions.

Some of the recommended varieties include Star 9001, Rio Grande, Roma VF, and Marglobe. The Zimbabwe Farmers’ Union has published a guide on the best tomato varieties for Zimbabwean farmers, which can be found online.

Modern Tomato Farming Techniques

Modern tomato farming techniques involve the use of technology and innovative farming methods to increase yields and reduce costs.

Some of the modern techniques used in tomato farming include drip irrigation, high-density planting, and integrated pest management.

These techniques are aimed at improving productivity and profitability for farmers.

Growing Tomatoes in Winter in Zimbabwe

Growing tomatoes in winter in Zimbabwe can be challenging due to the cold temperatures and reduced sunlight.

However, it is possible to grow tomatoes year-round using greenhouses and other protective structures.

Winter tomato farming in Zimbabwe requires careful planning and management to ensure successful harvests.

Tomato Spacing in Zimbabwe

Tomato spacing refers to the distance between tomato plants in a row and between rows. In Zimbabwe, the recommended tomato spacing is 60cm between plants and 1.2m between rows. Proper tomato spacing is important for ensuring good ventilation, light penetration, and pest management.

Tomato Yield per Hectare in Zimbabwe

Tomato yield per hectare in Zimbabwe varies depending on the variety, farming practices, and environmental factors.

On average, farmers can expect to harvest between 20-30 tonnes per hectare of tomatoes. However, with the use of modern farming techniques and proper management, yields can be increased to as much as 50 tonnes per hectare.

Conclusion

Planting tomatoes during the dry season in Zimbabwe requires careful planning and attention to detail. By following the steps outlined in this guide and using techniques such as drip irrigation and mulching, you can successfully grow healthy tomato plants even in the face of limited water resources.

How To Plant Tomatoes in Dry Season in Zimbabwe